ARCTOS network

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1. Freese, Daniela

Position PhD candidate Start date: March 2012 Planned submission date: spring 2015 Institute Polar Biological Oceanography Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research Am Handelshafen 12 27570 Bremerhaven Germany   and     Department for Arctic Biology The University Centre in Svalbard (UNIS) PO Box 156 9171 Longyearbyen Norway   (+49) 471 4831-1810  daniela.freese@awi.de Supervisors: Barbara Niehoff (AWI) Janne E. Søreide (UNIS) Project: Life history traits of copepods in a changing Arctic - How will increasing temperature and food regime shifts affect the overwintering success of Calanus spp.?  Umbrella project: CLEOPATRA II Project description: Zooplankton communities of northern higher latitudes are dominated by large calanoid copepods of the genus Calanus spp. They are well adapted to the environment in which they live, making them indicators of factors that influence the health and productivity of marine ecosystems. Calanus spp. endures times of unfavorable environmental conditions in a state of arrested development, referred to as diapause. During diapause the copepods rely on internal energy reserves, i.e. wax esters stored in large oil sacs, accumulated during the productive summer season. However, to date we have very limited knowledge regarding the overwintering physiology and adaptability of Calanus spp. to environmental changes. Although, enzyme activity and gene expression can act as proxies for the physiological processes they drive, their temporal changes in polar copepods are yet to be clarified. Therefore, this study tracks seasonal changes in the metabolism of C. glacialis at different levels (i.e. enzyme activity, hemolymph pH and ion concentration, lipid and protein content and gene expression patterns) in Svalbard waters in a combined field and experimental study over a year. CV Download (PDF) Publications Freese D, Kreibich T, Niehoff B (2012) Characteristics of digestive enzymes of calanoid copepod species from different latitudes in relation to temperature, pH and food. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 162: 66-72  Freese D, Schewe I, Kanzog C, Soltwedel T, Klages M (2012) Recolonisation of new habitats by meiobenthic organisms in the deep Arctic Ocean: an experimental approach. Polar Biology 35: 1801-1813 MsoNormal height=16h2

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2. Kubiszyn, Anna

Position PhD student Start date: autumn 2011 Planned submission date: autumn 2015 Institute Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of Sciences Marine Ecology Department Powstańców Warszawy 55 81-712 Sopot Poland (+48 58) 551 72 81 (+48 58) 551 21 30 aniak@iopan.gda.pl   Supervisors: Katarzyna Błachowiak-Samołyk (IO PAS) Józef Maria Wiktor (IO PAS) Project: Changes in spatial and temporal distribution of abundance and biomass of planktonic protists of West and North Svalbard waters Research interests: The impact of changes of climatic conditions on multiyear variability of qualitative and quantitative structure of Arctic planktonic protists assemblages Taxonomy and ecology of marine planktonic protists with particular emphasis on dinoflagellates and ciliates Role of heterotrophic protists as a link between microbial loop and higher trophic levels CV View/Download (PDF)

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3. Jordan Jack Grigor

Position PhD candidate in oceanography at Laval University, Quebec Start date: February 2012 Planned submission date: spring 2016 Institute Takuvik Joint International Laboratory Pavillon Alexandre-Vachon 1045, Avenue de la Médecine Université Laval Québec (Québec) G1V 0A6 Canada +1 418 656 2131, ext. 7740  +1 418 656 2339 Jordan.Grigor@takuvik.ulaval.ca Supervisors Louis Fortier (Université Laval) Project  The ecologies and physiologies of arrow worms in the Arctic Research project links A year-round study of arrow worms in Svalbard: http://www.iceedge.no/year-round-study-2008-2009/ Takuvik page: http://www.takuvik.ulaval.ca/team/jordan_grigor.php Polar Night Cruise 2012 Field Blog http://blogg.uit.no/aba001/ Research interests In the Arctic, many seasonal studies have focused on the link between primary producers and their grazers, whereas other zooplankton groups have received less research attention. My PhD work focuses on a particular phylum of gelatinous zooplankton known as chaetognaths (arrow worms). This widespread group represents 5-15% of the global zooplankton biomass. They are recognised as being one of the main predators of secondary producers (e.g. copepods), but their role in Arctic food webs and carbon flux is not well understood. In this study, the life cycles of chaetognath species from both the Canadian and European Arctic will be examined. Results will be included in a carbon flux model, improving our understanding of the role of zooplankton in mediating biogeochemical fluxes in the Arctic.  CV View/Download Relevant publications Publications on chaetognath ecology coming soon. Stay tuned!    

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4. Hobbs, Laura

Position PhD candidate Start date: September 2012 Planned submission date: autumn 2015 Institute Department for Physics, Sea Ice and Technology Scottish Association of Marine Science Scottish Marine Institute Oban Argll PA371QA UK   (+44) 1631 559 000 (+44) 1631 559 001 laura.hobbs@sams.ac.uk Supervisors: Finlo Cottier (SAMS) Kim Last (SAMS) External supervisors Jørgen Berge (UiT / UNIS)  Project: What factors determine the migration behaviours of Arctic zooplankton? Research project: CircA Description of my part of the CircA project: Half of all global carbon fixation is carried out by phytoplankton, the primary producers of the oceans. Phytoplankton are consumed by vertically migrating zooplankton that constitute an important component of the ‘biological pump’ since they actively export carbon out of the productive surface waters, thus mediating transport to the sediments. In the Arctic, productivity is focused in the shelf seas and these regions are also likely to experience the biggest changes in sea ice conditions. Consequently, understanding the behaviour of zooplankton in the Arctic is essential for predicting changes in carbon cycling. One method of detecting vertical migration is using acoustics, and SAMS has developed a unique archive of data derived from Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers (ADCPs) from sites around the Arctic. Many Arctic studies have focussed on discrete geographic areas but this archive allows us to ask fundamental questions of zooplankton migration on a Pan-arctic scale in determining behaviours that underpin zooplankton reposes to changes in light conditions and sea ice cover. My PhD will develop and use this archive to tackle the main question of the thesis which is: “What factors determine the migration behaviours of Arctic zooplankton?” A variety of topics relating to this will be addressed, such as the influence of light cues (solar/lunar) on migration, the role of predator/prey interactions and ultimately, the fitness consequences of migration. Importantly the acoustic archive is supplemented in many locations with net catch data facilitating biological interpretations of the acoustic data. CV View/Download Relevant publications:      

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5. Webster, Clare

Position PhD candidate Start date: October 2011 Planned submission date: October 2014 Institute Pelagic Ecology Research Group (PERG) Scottish Oceans Institute University of St Andrews Fife KY16 8LB Scotland UK and Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE) P.O.Box 140  FI-00251  Helsinki  Finland  +44 (0) 1334 463 457 cnw3@st-andrews.ac.uk Supervisors: Prof. Andrew Brierley (University of St Andrews) Dr Maiju Lehtiniemi (Finnish Environment Institute) Project: Diel and seasonal migration of zooplankton in ice impacted marine environments Research interests: Mysid patchiness in the Baltic Sea  Distribution and abundance of macrozooplankton, micronekton and fish species overwintering in a high Arctic fjord The fate of the spring bloom in Disko Bay, Greenland Using scientific echsounding to quantify the distribution, abundance and biomass of pelagic species The reproduction of gelatinous zooplankton CV Download View in Browser  

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6. Beuchel, Frank

Institute Position PhD student Start date: January 2002 Planned submission date: December 2007 (+47) 77 75 03 67 (+47) (+47) 98 40 40 77 frank@akvaplan.niva.no Research programme Monitoring of marine and terrestrial systems (NRC) Supervisors Bjørn Gulliksen (NCFS) Projects Monitoring of marine benthic communities- improvement of analytical technique based on image analysis CV  Cv Fb (206.52 kB 2009-02-11 10:32:21) Relevant publications Beuchel, F., Primicero, R., Lønne, O.J., Gulliksen, B., Birkely, S.R. (cond. accepted) Counting and measuring of epibenthic organisms on digital photographs. Oceanography and Limnology- Methods Beuchel, F., Gulliksen, B. (2008) Temporal patterns of benthic community development in an Arctic fjord (Kongsfjorden, Svalbard): results of a 24-year manipulation study. Polar Biology 31:913-924 DOI 10.1007/s00300-008-0429-9 Beuchel, F., Gulliksen, B., Carroll, M.L. (2006) Long-term patterns of rocky bottom macrobenthic community structure in an Arctic fjord (Kongsfjorden, Svalbard) in relation to climate variability (1980–2003). Journal of Marine Systems 63: 35-48 doi:10.1016/j.jmarsys.2006.05.002 Arndt, C.E., Beuchel, F. (2005) Life history and population dynamics of the sympagic Arctic amphipods Onisimus nanseni SARS and O. glacialis SARS (Gammaridea: Lysianassidae). Polar Biology 29(3): 239-248 Gulliksen, B., Beuchel, F., Brattegard, T., Palerud, R. (2004) The marine sublittoral Fauna of Jan Mayen Island. In: Skreslet, S. (ed) Jan Mayen island in Scientific Focus, pp. 159-171, Kluwer Academic Publishers. Beuchel, F., Gulliksen, B. (2003) Monitoring of rocky-bottom macrobenthic communities on locations at Svalbard and Jan Mayen using digital image analysis. Conference paper CM 2003/J:07, ICES, ASC in Tallin/ Estonia, 23-26. September 2003 Beuchel, F., Lønne, O.J. (2002) Population dynamics of the sympagic amphipods Gammarus wilkitzkii and Apherusa glacialis in sea ice north of Svalbard. Polar Biology 25: 241-250        

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7. Weydmann, Agata

Position PhD student Start date: Planned submission date: Institute The University Centre in Svalbard PO Box 156 N-9171 Longyearbyen Norway (+47) 79 02 33 (+47) 79 02 33 01 agataw@iopan.gda.pl Research programme Supervisors Projects CV download Relevant publications

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8. Gluchowska, Marta

Position PhD student Start date: 2007 Planned submission date: 2013 Institute Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of Sciences Marine Ecology Department Powstancow Warszawy 55 81-712 Sopot, Poland     (+48 58) 731 17 86 mgluchowska@iopan.gda.pl Thesis/project title Spatial patterns in zooplankton communities along the west coast of Spitsbergen Research programmes The influence of climate change on zooplankton structure, populations of plankton- and fish -eating seabird colonies and function of the Arctic terrestrial ecosystem (project KBN - N304 039 32/1883), running in years 2007-2009 AUK - Climate, Ocean, Plankton and Seabirds in a Changing European Arctic, (29/IPY/2007-2008), years 2005-2008 ALBERT – Bridging Ecosystem function using Remote Technologies (DWM/29/IPY/2007), years 2007-2009 ALKEKONGE - Response of marine and terrestrial ecosystems to climate changes in Arctic – links between physical environment, biodiversity of zooplankton and seabird populations (Polish-Norwegian Research Fund PNRF - 234 - A I - 1/07), years 2008-2010 Supervisor Professor Jan Marcin Węsławski (IOPAS) Scientific interest Ecology of polar zooplankton, spatial distribution Arctic planktivorous birds West Spitsbergen fjords CV Download CV Relevant publications Kwasniewski, S., Gluchowska, M., Walkusz, W., Karnovsky, N. J., Jakubas, D., Wojczulanis-Jakubas, K., Harding, A. M. A., Goszczko, I., Cisek, M., Beszczynska-Möller, A., Walczowski, W., Weslawski, J. M., and Stempniewicz, L. 2012. Interannual changes in zooplankton on the West Spitsbergen Shelf in relation to hydrography and their consequences for the diet of planktivorous seabirds. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69: 890–901. DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fss076 Kwasniewski S., Gluchowska M.,  Wojczulanis-Jakubas K., Jakubas D., Blachowiak-Samolyk K., Cisek M.,  Stempniewicz L., 2010, The impact of the divergent hydrographic conditions and zooplankton communities on provisioning Little Auks along the West coast of Spitsbergen, Progress in Oceanography 87, 72–82, DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2010.06.004 Jakubas D., Gluchowska M., Wojczulanis-Jakubas K., Karnovsky N., Keslinka L., Kidawa D., Walkusz W., Boehnke R., Cisek M., Kwasniewski S., Lech Stempniewicz, 2011, Influence of foraging conditions on parental effort, body condition and stress level in Little Auks breeding along the west coast of Spitsbergen, Marine Ecology Progress Series (in press) Gluchowska M., Kwasniewski S., Wojczulanis-Jakubas K., Jakubas D., Blachowiak-Samolyk K., Stempniewicz L. Still enough zooplankton food for Little Auks on Spitsbergen? - implications of the climatic changes in marine and terrestrial ecosystems (in prep.) Wiktor J., Gluchowska M., Hapter R., Weydmann A., Dmoch K., Blachowiak-Samolyk K., Kwasniewski S. Pelagic organic size fractions distribution in an Arctic fjord in summer (Hornsund, Spitsbergen) (in prep.)

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9. Majaneva, Sanna

Institute Finnish Environmental Institute Marine Research Centre P.O. Box 140 00251 Helsinki Finland    Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences Faculty of Bioscience University of Helsinki   The University Centre in Svalbard Position PhD student Start date: May 2009 Planned submission date: September 2012 (+358) 503384235 (+47) 46825638 (+358) 9 323 2970 sanna.markkula@ymparisto.fi Research programme Monitoring of marine and terrestrial systems (NRC) Supervisors Maiju Lehtiniemi (Finnish Environmental Institute) Juha Flinkman (Finnish Environmental Institute) Jørgen Berge (The University Centre in Svalbard) Projects Role and importance of gelatinous zooplankton in the food webs of the Baltic Sea and Polar Seas, with special emphasis on winter ecology CV Relevant publications xx      

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10. Baczewska, Anna

Institute Marine Ecology Department Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of Sciences Powstancow Warszawy 55, 81-712 Sopot Poland Position PhD student Start date: 2009 Planned submission date: 2012 (+48 58) 731 17 83 +48 516 630 605 (+358) 9 323 2970 abaczewska@iopan.gda.pl Research programme Main research interests Biology and ecology of pelagic Ostracoda from polar regions Biodiversity of Ostracoda Ostracoda as indicator of different water masses Climate changes in polar regions Taxonomy of pelagic Ostracoda Supervisors Katarzyna Błachowiak Projects ArcOD mini-grant (Arctic Ocean Biodiversity) - Taxonomy and zoogeography boundaries of pelagic Ostracods in Svalbard waters-as a part of CoML (Census of Marine Life) PELOTA Pelagic Ostracods as indicators of deep circulation in the Tropical Atlantic (a part of Census of Marine Zooplankton) CV Download CV Relevant publications Baczewska A., Blachowiak-Samolyk K., Angel M.V., (2009), Distribution of pelagic Ostracoda inhabiting Svalbard Walters, 16th International Symposium on Ostracoda in Brazil (poster presentation - Sylvester-Bradley Award for the best poster conference). Kotwicki L., Baczewska A., Sztybor K. (2005) Meiofauna as indicator of the recreational waters, sandy sediment quality - meiofaunal sampling strategy, Medcore Project International Conference, Florence, Italy, 10-14 November 2005. Abstract Volume: 57. Baczewska A. (2003) Landscape and sun position in orientation of Talitrus saltator (Montagu) (Amphipoda: Talitridae) Polish population, Baltic Festival of Science (poster).

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